Dukurikije ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Instititut für Druckmaschinen und Druckverfahren (IDD) yo muri Kaminuza ya Damstadt mu Budage, ibyavuye muri laboratwari bigaragaza ko umurongo wo gukata n'intoki usaba abantu babiri kurangiza igikorwa cyose cyo gukata, kandi hafi 80% by'igihe ukoreshwa mu gutwara impapuro kuva kuri palati ujya kuri terefone. Hanyuma, kubera ko zikoreshwa n'intoki mu byiciro, impapuro ziba zimeze nabi, bityo hakenewe indi gahunda yo gukata impapuro. Iyi gahunda isaba igihe runaka cyo gutondeka impapuro. Byongeye kandi, igihe cyo gukata impapuro kigirwaho ingaruka n'ibintu bitandukanye nko kuba impapuro zimeze, uburemere bw'impapuro, n'ubwoko bw'impapuro. Byongeye kandi, imikorere y'umubiri w'abakora irageragezwa cyane. Dukurikije amasaha 8 y'akazi, 80% by'igihe gikoreshwa mu gukora akazi, naho amasaha 6 y'umunsi ni imirimo ikomeye y'intoki. Niba imiterere y'impapuro ari nini, imbaraga z'akazi zizaba nyinshi kurushaho.
Ubazwe hakurikijwe umuvuduko w'imashini ikata impapuro ku muvuduko wa 12.000 ku isaha (menya ko imashini zikata impapuro zo mu ngo zikora 7X24), umuvuduko w'umuyoboro wo gukata n'intoki ni hagati ya 10000-15000 ku isaha. Mu yandi magambo, abakora akazi babiri b'abahanga basabwa gukora badahwema kugira ngo bajyane n'umuvuduko w'imashini ikata impapuro. Kubwibyo, inganda zo mu ngo zicapa muri rusange zikoresha abakozi benshi, abakozi benshi, kandi bakora igihe kirekire kugira ngo bahuze n'ibyo akazi ko gucapa gakeneye. Ibi bizatera ikiguzi kinini cy'akazi ndetse n'ingaruka mbi z'akazi ku muntu ukora akazi.
Kubera ko itsinda ry’abashushanya rya Guowang ryari rizi iki kibazo, ryatangiye gutegura imbaraga za tekiniki mu 2013, rishyiraho intego yo gutsinda 80% by’igihe cyo gukoresha. Kubera ko umuvuduko w’icyuma gikata impapuro uba hafi kurangira, ndetse n’icyuma gikata impapuro kigezweho ku isoko ni inshuro 45 ku munota. Ariko uburyo bwo kureka 80% by’igihe cyo gukoresha impapuro bufite byinshi byo gukora. Isosiyete ishyiraho uyu murongo w’igenamigambi ry’ejo hazaza mu bice bitatu:
Icya mbere: uburyo bwo gukura impapuro neza mu kirundo cy'impapuro
Icya 2: Ohereza impapuro zakuweho ku gikamura impapuro
Icya 3: Shyira impapuro zaciwe neza ku ipaleti.
Akamaro k'uyu murongo w'imashini itunganya impapuro ni uko 80% by'igihe cyo gutwara impapuro kimaze kurangira, ahubwo, umukozi yibanda ku gukata. Uburyo bwo gukata impapuro bworoshye kandi bunoze, umuvuduko wiyongereyeho inshuro 4-6, kandi ubushobozi bwo gukora bugeze ku mpapuro 60.000 ku isaha. Nk'uko bivugwa n'imashini itunganya impapuro ku muvuduko w'impapuro 12.000 ku isaha, umurongo umwe kuri buri muntu ushobora guhaza akazi k'imashini 4 zitunganya impapuro.
Ugereranyije n'ubushobozi bw'abantu babiri ba mbere bwo gukora impapuro 10.000 ku isaha, uru ruganda rw'umusaruro rwageze ku ntambwe ishimishije mu gukora no gukora ibikoresho byikora!
Ibisobanuro birambuye ku gikorwa cyo guca umurongo:
Umurongo wose wo gukata inyuma ugabanyijemo ibice bitatu: icyuma gifata impapuro gifite ubwenge cyikora, icyuma gikata impapuro cyihuta cyane, n'imashini ikura impapuro mu buryo bwikora. Ibikorwa byose bishobora kurangizwa n'umuntu umwe kuri ecran ikoraho y'icyuma gikata impapuro.
Mbere na mbere, hamwe n'icyuma gikata impapuro kiri hagati, hakurikijwe imiterere y'aho bakorera, icyuma gikata impapuro n'icyuma gikata impapuro bishobora gukwirakwizwa ibumoso n'iburyo icyarimwe cyangwa ukwabyo. Ukoresha impapuro agomba gusa gusunika agace gakata impapuro ku ruhande rw'icyuma gikata impapuro akoresheje troli ya hydraulic, hanyuma agasubiza ku mashini ikata impapuro, akanda buto yo gukata impapuro, hanyuma icyuma gikata impapuro kigatangira gukora. Ubwa mbere, koresha umutwe w'umuvuduko wa pneumatic kugira ngo ukande impapuro uhereye hejuru y'agace gafata impapuro kugira ngo wirinde ko agace gafata impapuro kagorama mu gihe cyo gutoragura impapuro. Hanyuma urubuga rufite akazu kazunguruka ku ruhande rumwe rugumana umukandara utambitse ku nguni ihengamye gato hanyuma rukagabanuka mbere yo kujya mu mfuruka y'urukuta rw'impapuro, hanyuma rukamanuka rugana ku burebure bw'impapuro bwashyizweho na mudasobwa. Ijisho ry'amashanyarazi rishobora kugenzura neza uburebure. Hanyuma genda buhoro buhoro kugeza rikoze ku gace k'impapuro. Akamashini kazunguruka gashobora gutandukanya agasanduku k'impapuro hejuru nta kwangirika, hanyuma gashyira urubuga rwose rw'urupapuro mu gasanduku k'impapuro hafi 1/4 ku muvuduko usanzwe wo kuzunguruka, hanyuma agakoresho gafunga impapuro zigomba gukurwamo. Kurekura umutwe w'igitutu wakandagiye agasanduku kose k'impapuro imbere. Urubuga rwongera kuzunguruka mu gasanduku kose k'impapuro ku muvuduko usanzwe. Hanyuma urubuga rugenda buhoro buhoro rugana inyuma y'icyuma gikata impapuro kugeza igihe rwegereye rwose ku ruhande rw'ameza yo gukoreraho inyuma y'icyuma gikata impapuro. Muri iki gihe, icyuma gikata impapuro gifunga icyuma gikata impapuro hanyuma agasanduku k'inyuma kagwa burundu, maze icyuma gikata impapuro gisunika agasanduku k'impapuro ku rukuta. Kinjira inyuma y'icyuma gikata impapuro, agasanduku kazamuka, hanyuma icyuma gikata impapuro gisunika impapuro imbere hakurikijwe gahunda yashyizweho, yorohereza umukozi gufata. Hanyuma icyuma gikata impapuro gitangira gukora. Umukozi azunguruka impapuro inshuro eshatu ku meza yo gukoreraho yo mu mwuka, agakata impande zose enye z'icyuma cy'impapuro neza, hanyuma akabishyira ku rubuga rwo gupakurura impapuro rwateguwe. Akamashini gatanga impapuro kazahita kimura ikirundo cy'impapuro. Kurambura ku ipaleti. Igikorwa cyo gukata rimwe gusa kirarangiye. Iyo akamashini gatanga impapuro karimo gukora, akamashini gatanga impapuro gakorera icyarimwe. Nyuma yo gukuramo impapuro zigomba gukatwa, tegereza ko impapuro zicibwa hanyuma wongere uzisunike mu kamashini gatanga impapuro. Akazi ko gusubiza hamwe.
Niba ubona ko ibisobanuro ari birebire cyane, reba iyi videwo:
>IGIKORESHO CYO GUCURA IMPAPURO CYA GW-P
>IGIKORESHO CYO GUCURA IMPAPURO CYA GW-S
> Ibikoresho byo mu nkengero z'umurongo wo gukata impapuro
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-02-2021